How to write a resume

When searching for a new job or assignment, your CV is your primary selling tool in the process of marketing yourself to companies. This section offers advice on writing a resume. Please feel free to use it to the extent it seems helpful / persuasive to you. Employers and recruiters usually receive a lot of CVs for each advertised position. Your CV has to allow the reader to understand who you are any why you should be hired at a glance (sometimes you only have seconds to gain their attention). You don’t necessarily have to be gimmicky as, even for senior positions, it cam be amazing how few people prepare a sound professional CV. Writing professional CVs is a skill. Learning it can pay big dividends. If your time is too valuable to spend on getting this new skill, you can always outsource! The options include:
  • CV typing services: these typically charge less than £100 and tend to employ word-processing and administrative staff who have little knowledge of recruitment or copywriting.
  • Semi-pro CV services: these typically charge between £100 and £200. They may employ staff with some knowledge of recruitment, possibly from either an HR or recruitment background.
  • Professional CV services: these typically charge over £200 and employ staff with recruitment experience from either an HR or recruitment background who have specialist copywriting experience.

Why are CVs rejected?

Length of CV It is usually best to try and keep your CV to two pages of A4. If you cannot keep your CV to this length then you probably have not understood an employer's requirements. Employers do not want to know your whole life history - just enough to decide whether they should interview you or not. Too little information A lot of people do not include enough details about their previous jobs and experience and an employer therefore does not have enough information - they will therefore have to reject your application. Not results orientated You need to shout about your achievements. Please remember that your CV is your sales document to an employer. If it does not tell an employer why they should employ you then it has failed. An employer will only want to employ you if they can see a benefit in it for themselves. So do tell them the benefits of employing you.

What should you include?

  • Personal Details: Your full name, address (on one line - don’t let the address take up too much space), home telephone number and mobile phone number. Your nationality and, if not a UK national, visa status / residence rights
  • Education / Qualifications: List your qualifications and education history, for example: · BSc (Hons) 2.2 in Biochemistry at the University of Warwick, 1980 - 1983. If you do not have significant work experience but have recently completed a tertiary qualification, you may want to list the courses you studied if the subject you studied was relevant to your target job · A Levels: Maths [C], Biology [B], Chemistry [C] at Farnham School, 1978 - 1980. · O Levels: Maths [B], English Language [C], History [C], Geography [C], French [C], Chemistry [C], Biology [C] at Farnham School, 1973 - 1978. If you have a degree you probably will not need to list all your O Levels/GCSEs; just listing the number is probably sufficient.
  • Professional Qualifications: List your professional qualifications, membership of professional associations and professional ID numbers.
  • Training Courses: List any work related courses which you have attended and which are relevant to the job.
  • Work Experience: Start with your most recent job and work backwards. For each position (treat internal promotion as a new job and record the dates separately) list your job title (e.g. Manager, Supervisor, etc), the job title of the person you reported to (e.g. Director, Manager, etc) and when you started and finished in each job. Give the name of the company and include a brief description of the service they provide (using the terms they would use to describe themselves). Set out your main responsibilities, achievements, duties, and skills that could be transferred to another employer. Be specific and positive about your skills, e.g. 'good written skills' may be a better description of your abilities rather than 'good communication skills'. Include your level of responsibility if any, e.g. 'responsibility for departmental budget of £100K and managed 10 staff'. In particular list any achievements you had in each position, including increases in sales/productivity and cost savings made. Quantify your achievements if possible. 'Increased sales by £100K' is more interesting and positive than just saying 'Increased sales'. You should try to include some achievements such as meeting deadlines, budgets, etc, and any information that may be relevant to your next job. If you have been working for a number of years you probably do not need to include any part-time jobs, vacation jobs, voluntary work or unpaid work experience. Charity work could be included in your interests. However you might want to include these jobs if they covered a period of unemployment, or a time when you were not working for any other reason, or you feel that some of the experience you gained will be useful in your next job. You should normally concentrate on your two most recent jobs (unless you were only there for a short time), because employers are usually most interested in these.
  • Major Achievements: When you are listing your achievements in this section, only list 3 to 6 of your most important work achievements; your other achievements can be described under the work experience section. You should focus on achievements which are relevant to your next job and indicate how you achieved them. This section is very important as an employer will only invite you for an interview if they can see a benefit in doing so. Your achievements may sell you to an employer and make them choose you for an interview rather than someone else. For this reason it is vital that you think carefully about your achievements.
  • Other Experience: List any computer skills you have, including the make and type of equipment you are familiar with, the software and operating system used, e.g. Win 2k/XP, Office 2003, or Max OsX, Office 2004, CS2, etc. If you have foreign language skills which may be relevant for any jobs which you are applying for, please list them and indicate whether your skills are spoken, written, business or technical. Please also indicate your level of fluency: fluent, good working knowledge, etc. You should only list these skills if they are relevant to the jobs you are applying for as no one really wants to hear about a French language course you did at school a long time ago. If relevant to your next job please include your typing or shorthand speeds.
  • Interests / Hobbies: Briefly (ie on one line) list your interests, hobbies and any sports you play. You may also want to mention any positions of responsibility you hold or have held in any club or organisation, and say what your responsibilities and achievements were.
  • References: You do not normally need to list referees on a CV, but it is a good idea to think about whom you could ask now. For some professions however it is normal to list referees.
  • Summary: List your major skills, strengths, personal qualities and achievements. Be specific, e.g. good team player, excellent written skills, versatile, able to motivate others, etc. Look at your staff appraisals or at your references.

What should you leave out of your CV?

  • Photos - the only people who need to include these are models, actors, actresses and possibly air cabin crew.
  • Reasons for leaving each job.
  • Salary information - this can only be used to reject your application. If an advertisement specifically requests this information you can always include the information in your cover letter.
  • Fancy patterns/borders - these detract from your presentation.
  • Title pages, binders and folders are usually unnecessary and can be off-putting (though if you are doing a special presentation, enclosing your CV in a binder may look more impressive).
  • Leave out age (if you must, put in date of birth instead), weight, height, health, or any other personal information that is irrelevant to your application.

Cover Letters

Every time that you send out your CV you will need to send out a cover letter (or e-mail) with it, whether you are sending your CV in response to an advert or direct to an employer or recruiter. This cover letter needs to tell the person you are sending it to why they should read your CV. A cover letter needs to say a lot more than just: 'Here is my CV'. It needs to tell the person why you are writing to them and outline why you are the ideal candidate for the job. You need to pick out the highlights from your CV that are relevant to this specific application.

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